Liquids



(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 W. J. MIRRLEES 8: D. BALLINGALL. APPARATUS 1- 0-11 EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

Patented June 19, 1894 (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. J. MIRRLEES & 1). BALLINGALL. APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

No. 521,724.. June 19, 1894.

(No ModeL) 8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

. W. J. MIRRLEES & D. BALLINGALL.

' APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

No. 521,724,- Patented June 19, 1894.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 4.

W. J. MIRRLEES &'D. BALLINGALL. APPARATUS FOR EVAPOR-ATING LIQUIDS.

No. 521,724. PatentedJune 19, 1894.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

y W. J. MIRRLEES & D. BALLINGALL.

APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

No. 52*1,7 2-.4.- Patented June 19, 1894.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets Sheet s.

. J. MIRRLEES & D. BALLINGALL.

APPARATUS FOR BVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

. Patentei l u ne 19, 1894.

we "Known. LITMDGRAPHING com-um.

WABNINGYON. I:v c.

' 8 Sheets-Sheet 7.

W. J. MIRRLEBS & D. BALLINGALL. APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

(No Model.)

Patented June 19, 1894.

8 Sheets-Sheet 8.

W. J. MIRRLEES 8v D. BALLINGALL.

APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS.

(No Model.)

'N0.'521,'724. P tented June 19,1894;

To allwhom it may concern: 1

. U ITED; STATES WILLIAM JULIUS manners EN OFFICE I SCOTLAND. e I

IIAPPARATUS FOIR EVAPOIRATING LIQUIDS.

. SPEGIFIQATION'forming art of Letters Patent No. 591,724, dated. June 19,1 94. ApplioationfiledMay 18,1893- Serial No. {174,715. (No model.) Patented in EnglandMay 19, 1892, N01 9,499-

Be it known that. we, WILLIAM JULIUS I MIRRLEES, of thefirmof The Mirrlees, Watson & Yaryan Co, Limited, engineers, and DAVID I to BALLINGAL'L, manager of said company, both of, 45 Scotland Street .'Glasgow, in the counties of Lanark and Renfrew, Scotland, subects of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland,,have invented certain Improvements n Apparatus for Evaporating Liquids, (for which we haveobtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 9,499, bearing date May 19, 1892,)

of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates, to improvements in app'aratusfor evaporating, concentrating and distilling liquids such as sugar in single or multiple effect and has for its object the better utilization of the heating surface and simplification of the construction of this class of apparatus. v v I I In'carrying out this invention the liquid to be heated is circulated through tubes passing horizontally or up through tubes inclined to the horizon through a heating chamber,

and the vapor isseparated fromjthe liquid in -a compartment at one end of this chamber,

from which chamber the whole or any portion of the liquid is returned to the inlet end of tubes or end of tubes farthestfrom the arranging the tubes near the vertical. These return tube or tubes may pass through the heating chamber, or outside of it, and when passing throughthe heating chamber these alsoform part of the heating tubes. From the compartment any'desired portionof the concentrated liquid 'is withdrawn or passed on to the next effect, should the apparatus be In another arrangement the liquid is fed into the lower series of tubes in the heating chamber, the liquid and vapor passingup from one series of tubes to the other, and discharged from the top series of tubes into a compartment where the vapor is separated from the liquid,

the concentration of the liquid being regulated by the quantity of the feed liquid, or

turned and fed into the lower tubes, as described in the previous class of apparatus; the distribution of the feed to the bottom series'of tubesjbeing regulated by small fixed able valve .or valves, or the natural flow of the liquid and vapor may be allowed to distribute the feedwithout the intervention of fixed openings or adjustable valves. The tubes in the'heating vessel maybe eitherhorizontal or inclined to the horizon, rising in the direction of flow of the liquid. To facilitate circulation the heating tubes may be tapered, the area increasing in the direction of flow;

the lower series the numbers or size of the heating tubes in; the upper series may be increased to allow for the increasing, volume of the streams of mixed vapor and liquid.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation showing the heating tubes inclinedto thexhorizon with the return tube outside the heating chamber. Fig. 2 is a sectional end view of Fig. 1. showing the return tubes inside the heating chamber and also acting as heating tubes. Fig. 4 is a sectional end view of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation showing the return tubes'in separate heating chambers inclined fed into the lower series of tubes and disseparatin'g compartment. Fig. 8 is a sectional end view of Fig. 7. Fig; 9 is a detail of fixed regulating openings to be used in apparatus shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Fig. 10 is a sectional, end view of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a: detail of movable regulating valve to be used in apparatus shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Fig. 12 is a sectional end view of Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a sectional elevation showing application of return tubes to apparatus shown in Figs. 7 and 8. Fig. 14 is a sectional end view of Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation showing the liquid fed into a lower tube and the higher seany desired portion of the liquid may be re-- also in' apparatus Where the liquid is fed intoto the horizon upward in the direction-of flow. Fig. 6 is a sectional end view of Fig.5.. Fig.- 7 is asectional elevation showing the liquid chargedfrom the top series of tubes into the ries of tubes increasing in number as the vol- AND DAVID BALLINGALL, or GLASGOW,

openings or-b'y means of a suitableadjust- Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation too tibial ume of vaporincreases. Fig. 16 is asectioiial end view-of-Fig:-15.

In the several forms of this invention shown on the accompanying drawings A is the heat.- ing chamber.

B H are the evaporating tubes passing through the heating chamber A.

C is the comphrtment Where the liquidand vapor are separated from one another.

D is a return tube,.or DD ret urnitubes re turning the liquid or part ofthe liquid from the separating compartment C to the inlet end E of theevaporatingtubes 1313..

F is the steam inlet from the boiler or the vapor inlet from a previouseflect or any other heat generator to heat the liquid in the tubes B l is the inlet .fiort he liquid" to be heated.

H is theiconcentratedF liquidioutlen 1 is'it heicutlletl for the"vapor'generatedifironn the! liquidt J is*theontlet fiou thewvater ohcondbnsationl.

K- inlFigsi. Z and. 113i isz the regulatingfixedr. opening? or. adjustable valve admitting the:

liquidlintb tlie lowen'series of tiubesi IlT Fig-St Qand 10(s11owing;detaillofi fixedl regulatingopeuihgss K ini Figs. 7e and. 1 3) L. is

am angledi plate in". whiclnare dhillled theiopens ings M M opposite-the bottom series ot tubes- B lfi'pt lierplate Lbeing held int positionby a:.

The vapor evaporated from the liquid: iscar-- rie'dl oiili by theioutlet I and the. concentrated. liquid. is withdrawn. through the pipe H,.the: level of the liquidim the separating compartmen t being. regulated by the height ot the pipe Hi.

In Figs: 3, 4., 5 and; 6 the return pipes or tubes E D are carried inside the heating: chambenand also act asheatin'g tubes. Otherwisetheapparatus are the same as shown in.

- Figs. 1 and. 2.

Inthe: foregoing Figs. 1,. 2, 3,4,. 5 and 6 the heating tubes are shoiwninclined to the horizon rising in the: direction of flow of the liqu'id, bnlt they may be made horizontal. The

. inclination of the tubes may be varied in difi' ferent machines fortreating difterent.liquids,. but thebest resultswill probably be obtained with an inclination less than forty-fi1ve degrees. The advantages of our invention would be lost by making the tubes nearly vertical.

lnliigs. hand 8 theliquid. to be concen trated is admitted into. thelower series of tubes 13 B by the regulator K and passes up ,along with the vapor generated through the upper series of tubes as indicated by arrows until finally. dischargedinto the compartment fUTrom which theliquidaud'vapor are carried 0ft as described for Fig; 1.

In Figs. 13 and 14. the liquid is passed througlr the tubes asuinFigs. 7 and 8, but the apparatus has the addition ofthe return tubes D D by which any desired portion of the iliquid is returned to thebottom series of :tubes. IhFigs: 15-and IO-the liquid tobeconcen- 'trated is fed into a lower tube B, the number of tubes gradually increasing; to allow. forthel increasedlvolumeiofi the: screams: of liquid and vaponz. otherwise the. arrange? ment isuthe, same: air in. Figs? and; 8;. All though only onegro up ofi iuoneasingy uumben of. tiubeswis.shown anynumberofigroupslmay be employedtiu OllOrilGEWlIlgtchfiillllelig,3.116.1 1) distiributiomofi tlheliqpidaunangedms iir Figs 7: and: 8..

lln Eigst 7g 9,,10;.1:l1,, 1:2;andxl 3; distrib uteu K isishnwmbut inmaybedispensedwith] and. the cinculatibm in the. tubes. allowed! to distributor thefeed: liq uon'. In. all llllfili lllllst brationsiparallelw tubes at. the; same sizeihave UGGH'ShOWI1,,b11l'/1.Uh9f may bemnade-tapened on increased in: SlZBlOI' number aslthelvolumeefi the: vapor incneasesina passing: toi sepanahing compartment.

Single. effect appara ushave been; illustrated, but any number of these apparatus: may be combined uniform: multiple efl ectapparatus and tlieconinections madleasiisusuall in suchvapparatusi.

The. nesultann concentrated liq uon may be: recovered. or run: to waste or the: vapor efi distillation maybe. condensed and recovered. or run. to Waste; or bflthl may be recovered, dependingupon the natune oil the liquid and what. is: required; to be recovered.

One or' more. apparatusi constructed cm the system nowdescribed may belcombined with single or multiple; elhect appanatusofi other construction and thatin' amy'ordenin these.-

ries: ofi vessels. fiormlng the combination.

\Veclaim- 1. An. apparatus for evaporating, liquids comprising a heating: chamber A,. havinig a. steam or vapor i'nleth at the: top and anionilet .T at the. bottom tor the water. of condensation, the evaporating tubes 13,. extending 3 through the. heatingchamber and adaptedxtoi conductthe: liquid in; an upward direction. the chamber E at the inletofi theitubesthe separating compartment G? at. the: outlet. of the; tubes, having anoutletil at. the topifor the vapor, and the pipe: H extending upwardly through the separating: compartment. having its inlet cm a level with the discharge; ends: of the upper evaporating tubes,.subl stantially as described.

IIO

eomprising a heating chamber A having an inlet F, and anoutlet J, the evaporating tubes B, extending through the heating chamber and adapted to conduct'the liquid upwardly,

the chamber'E infront-of the tubes, having the lnlet G, the separating compartment 0,

into which the upper ends'of the tubes -discharge, having the vapor outlet at'the top, the llquld pipe Hconnected withthe separatinglcompartment, having its inlet'on a level with the-discharge ends of the upper evaporatlngtubes, and the return tube'D connect- 7 sing the bottom of the separating compartment vwith the chamber .113; substantially as described.

. p 3. An apparatus for evaporating liquidscomprising a heating-chamberA havinga steam or vapor inlet F at the top, and an outseparatingcompartment having its inlet onlet J at the bottom "for'the water of condensation, the evaporating tubes B extending in' series through the heating chamber, and

adapted to conduct the liquid in an upward direction, the chambers E at the inlet of the tubes, the inlet G, the separating compartment 0, into which vthetubesdischarge, having an outlet I at the top for the vapor, and the pipe H extending upwardly through the a level'with the discharge ends of the upper evaporatin gi tubes, substantially as described. 30

4, An apparatus for evaporating liquids comprising a heating chamber A having a steam or vapor'inlet F at'the top, and an outlet J at the bottom for the water of condensation, the evaporatirigtubes '13, extending in 5v series through the heating chamber and increasing in number from the bottom to the top thereof, in each series, and adapted to conduct the liquid in anlupward direction,

the chambers'E, at the inlet of the tubes, the 40 separating I compartment 0, into which the tubes discharge, having an outletI at the top for the vapor, and the pipe H extending upwardly through the separating, compartment having-its iu'let on a level with the discharge is ends of the upper evaporating tubes, substan- 45 Scotland Street, Glasgotu, "Secretary.

' JNo. MIDDLEMASS, 45 Scotland Street, Glasgow, Cashier.- 

